But, as Alejandro Galliano points out, that future came inexorably and, "after the end of the world, the world continued to exist"3. Therefore, those who began to live in post-Soviet Russia had to think about a future for it after that end of the world, especially for two questions as sensitive as they were fundamental: the reconstruction of a damaged national identity and the reconfiguration of the forces of a disgraced left. If, as Bruno Groppo maintains, the disappearance of the USSR caused "a great identity crisis that, since Iceland Phone Number List  the 1990s, Russian society has striven to overcome in order to rebuild an acceptable identity"4, the discrediting of the communist project that also produced the collapse generated a crisis and a political disorientation of that space that the anti-capitalist forces of Russia are still trying to overcome, within the framework of a strong control of the national State and a resurgence of global neoconservatism . In search of Russia After having participated in the army that defeated Iceland Phone Number List  Napoleon, Piotr Chaadáyev spent a long time in Europe.

Returning to the Russian Empire, and shocked by what he had experienced on the continent, he wrote eight Philosophical Letters which were circulated in the literary salons of Moscow. In the first of them he wondered, not without some anguish, about the features that defined Russia and about the place it seemed to occupy in the world.5. His answer was final: his country Iceland Phone Number List was backward and he had not made any contribution to civilization. Such a sentence earned him the accusation of "insane" by Tsarism, but it gave rise to the famous debate between Slavophiles and Westerners around the 1840s regarding the national destiny, which Iceland Phone Number List  would be seminal in guiding the gaze of the future.

That intellectual dispute would be recycled Iceland Phone Number List  several times over almost two centuries each time Russia faced an identity crisis. The dissolution of the USSR in 1991 seemed to revive those anxieties and concerns, in a Iceland Phone Number List  society that was left without its country and in a country that lost its place as world superpower in a matter of days.